The emulsion covered by the design remains soft and is then washed out of the screen, leaving the design on the screen. When the exposure unit is on, the design blocks the UV light that hardens the emulsion around the image. The screen is then placed in an exposure unit that emits ultraviolet (UV) light. To transfer the design from the transparency, the screen is first coated with a thin layer of photo-sensitive emulsion using a scoop coater, a metal trough that has a clean, even edge.Īfter the emulsion dries, the design is placed against the screen.
Designs can be made by any or a combination of the following ways: hand-drawn with an opaque ink or printed onto the transparency, or cut out of rubylith, an ultraviolet-masking film. The transfer of a design on transparency or Mylar film onto a photo-sensitive emulsion is the most common contemporary method to prepare a screen. Stencils-which can be composed of a wide variety of materials, including fabric, greasy paint, or a design on a transparency-can be applied to the screen in different ways: placing them directly onto the surface of the screen, painting them onto the screen, or by transferring a design onto the screen using a photo-sensitive emulsion. Traditionally these screens were made of silk, but today they are most often made of synthetic materials such as terylene. The ink that passes through forms the printed image.Ī printing screen consists of a fine mesh fabric that is tightly stretched and attached to a metal or wooden frame. Making certain areas of the screen impervious to printing ink creates a stencil, which blocks the printing ink from passing through the screen. Screenprinting is a process where ink is forced through a mesh screen onto a surface.
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